

A roulette wheel has 37 numbered pockets, which have alternate colours (black and red). Pay-outs and ProbabilitiesĮuropean Roulette is one the most popular casino games. It is important to highlight that this guide describes vulnerabilities which have not been published before (refer to Live Automatic Roulette – What to look for?). The information mentioned above may be of interest to penetration testers and those who build and maintain online roulette systems since a comprehensive analysis and timely detection of weaknesses can have a significant impact on the aspect of safety of gaming experiences. Neither the research nor this guideline are aimed at any particular online casino. It is worth mentioning that screenshots of various online games have been created to illustrate some of the explanations and therefore, are not real. The content of the guide includes information on classification of online roulette, potential vulnerabilities and the ways to detect them. As a result, I have composed a detailed guide, which will provide its readers with a thorough understanding of the subject.

Over the last few years, I have been carrying out extensive research into online casino games focusing specifically on roulette. It is not surprising that both traditional and online casino games have become a target of players who seek to detect vulnerabilities, enabling them to overcome the house edge and ‘break the bank’. For instance, in Spain alone, the gaming industry generated revenue of around €4,567 million in the third quarter of 2019. Online casinos consolidate their position as one of the main sources of entertainment in many countries worldwide, which evidently involves a notable rise in their turnover. In recent years, the gaming industry has grown significantly, especially casino games and sports betting.
